Program Overview

Electrical and Computer Engineering Program

The Electrical and Computer Engineering program at the University of Waterloo is designed to provide students with a comprehensive education in the field of electrical and computer engineering. The program covers a wide range of topics, including power systems, computer hardware and software, control systems, and communication systems.

Program Objectives

The main objectives of the Electrical and Computer Engineering program are to:

• Discuss in detail the basic safety issues for low, medium, and high voltage systems
• Design a reliable grounding system
• Discuss safety management and organizational structure and the human factor that affects electric safety

Program Content

The program content includes the following topics:

• Hazardous of Electricity & Electrical Safety Equipment
  • Electric Shocks, Affected Body Parts, Summary of Causes-Injuries and Death, Flash and Thermal Protection, Safety Grounding Equipment
• Safety Procedure and Methods
  • The Six Step-Safety Methods, Safe Switching of Power Systems
  • Energy Control Program, Placement of safety Grounds
  • Flash Hazard Calculations and Approach Distances
  • Tool and Test Equipment
• Transmission Line Modeling
  • Line Inductance, Resistance, Capacitance
• Power System Grounding: Modeling Techniques
  • Analysis of Simple Grounding Systems
  • Body Currents Due to Touch and Step Voltages
  • Grounding System safety Assessment
  • Equivalent Circuit Representation of Grounding Systems
  • Parametric Analysis of Substation Ground Mats
• Transmission Line Analysis
  • The General Transmission Line Model
  • Modal decomposition, Equivalent Circuit, Transmission Line Power Equations
• Power System Fault Analysis
  • Sequence Models of Three Phase Apparatus
  • Fault Analysis Based on Sequence Models
  • Ground Potential Rise During Faults
  • Fault Current Distribution Based on Sequence Models
  • Direct Phase Analysis
  • Transfer Voltage During Faults
• Power System Ground: Design Procedure
  • Problem Formulation, Determination of Soil Model
  • Computation of Ground Resistances, Maximum Ground Potential Rise
  • Investigation of Touch and Step Voltages, Safety Assessment
  • Mitigation of Touch and Step Voltages, Design Examples
• Regulatory and Legal Safety Requirement and Standards
  • The regulatory Bodies, The National Electric Safety Code (NESC)
  • The National Electrical Code (NEC) - ANSI/ NFPA 70
  • Electrical Equipment Maintenance (ANSI/NFPA 70B)
  • Electric Safety Requirements for Employee Workplaces ANSI/NFPA 70 E
  • Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Standards
• Low Voltage Safety Synopsis
  • Low Voltage Equipment, Grounding Low Voltage Systems
  • Safety Equipment and Procedures
  • Electric Safety Around Electronic Circuits, Stationary Battery Safety
• Medium and high Voltage Safety Synopsis
  • High Voltage Equipment Grounding Systems of Over 1000 V
  • Safety Equipment and Procedures
• Human Factors in Electrical safety
  • Mythic Beliefs
  • Human Factors: Vision, Hearing, Reaction times
• Safety Management and Organizational Structure
  • Electric Safety Program Structure
  • Electric Safety Program Development
  • Employee Electric Safety Teams, Safety Meetings

Recommended Text

A.P. Sakis Meliopoulos, Power System Grounding and Transients, An Introduction, Marcel Dekker Inc., ISBN -8, 1988

Other References

1. John Cadick, Mary Capelli-Schellpfeffer, Dennis K. Neitzel, Electrical Safety Handbook, McGraw-Hill Professional, ISBN -4, 2000
2. IEEE Std. 142- 1991, IEEE Recommended Practice for Grounding of Industrial and Commercial Power Systems (IEEE Green Book)
3. ANSI/IEEE Std., IEEE Guide for Safety in AC Substation Grounding
4. ANSI/IEEE Std. C62-92.2-1989, IEEE Guide for the Application of Neutral Grounding in Electrical Utility Systems: Part II- Grounding of Synchronous Generator Systems
5. ANSI/IEEE Std. C62-92.5-19921, IEEE Guide for the Application of Neutral Grounding in Electrical Utility Systems Part V- Transmission Systems and Subtransmission Systems
6. IEEE Std., IEEE Recommended Practice for Determining the Electric Power Substation Ground Potential Rise and Induced Voltage from a Power Fault
7. Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), Analysis Techniques for Power Substation Grounding Systems Volume 1: Design Methodology and tests, EPRI Publication, Palo Alto, California, 1982
8. V. Manoilov, Fundamentals of Electrical Safety, MIR Publication Moscow, 1975

Requisites

Basic knowledge of power systems analysis is required.