Program Overview

PhD Opportunity in Metformin-Associated B12 Deficiency and Cognitive Function in Type 2 Diabetes

Introduction

The University of Dundee is offering a PhD opportunity to study the relationship between metformin-associated B12 deficiency and cognitive function in Type 2 Diabetes patients. Metformin is the first-line treatment for Type 2 Diabetes, but it has been shown to decrease vitamin B12 levels in the blood, which may cause harm. Vitamin B12 is essential for normal energy production in all cells, particularly in the brain.

Research Background

The epidemic of Type 2 Diabetes is on the rise in Scotland, with over 200,000 patients prescribed metformin. While the association between metformin use and low vitamin B12 has been supported by many studies, its clinical significance and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Preliminary data suggest that vitamin B12 supplementation improves cognitive function in metformin-treated Type 2 Diabetes patients, but these findings need to be confirmed in the Scottish population.

Research Objectives

The proposed research aims to:

• Study whether metformin-caused B12 decline compromises cognitive function in Scottish Type 2 Diabetes patients
• Investigate the genetic components of the association between metformin and B12 deficiency
• Examine the underlying mechanisms by which metformin decreases vitamin B12 levels in model systems

Supervisors

• Principal Supervisor: Dr. Li Kang, Reader, School of Medicine

Application Deadline

• 5 March 2026

Funding Availability

• Unfunded

School

• School of Medicine, University of Dundee

Research Areas

• Metformin-associated B12 deficiency
• Cognitive function in Type 2 Diabetes
• Genetic components of B12 deficiency
• Underlying mechanisms of metformin-induced B12 decline